Flight Opportunities (FO)¶
Established: 2026-04-05 | Updated: 2026-04-07 (session 85) | Data snapshot: 2026-04-04
Program Summary¶
Flight Opportunities (FO) funds flight tests of maturing technologies on commercial suborbital and parabolic flight vehicles. The goal is to advance technologies from TRL 4-5 to TRL 6-7 through exposure to microgravity, hypersonic, or suborbital environments. FO works with commercial providers (Blue Origin New Shepard, Virgin Galactic, Astrobotic's Xodiac, parabolic flight operators) to provide low-cost access to relevant environments.
FO projects are diverse: academic labs testing biosensors, companies validating propulsion components, NASA centers demonstrating instrumentation. The program bridges concept/prototype (where SBIR and STRG operate) and operational demonstration (TDM).
Data quality: HIGH. Good TRL coverage (93.8%), rich descriptions, good contact records, moderate document availability.
Program contacts: Danielle D. McCulloch (Program Director + Program Manager); Gregory H. Peters (Program Manager). McCulloch appears on every active FO project — FO is managed by a tight 2-person team.
Quantitative Snapshot¶
| Field | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Total projects | 439 | aggregate by program, session 85 |
| Active | 53 (12.1%) | aggregate by status filter, session 85 |
| Completed | 364 (82.9%) | aggregate by status filter, session 85 |
| Other | ~22 | implied |
| Program ID | 72 | techport_programs |
| Mission Directorate | STMD | techport_programs |
Note: 439 total and 364 completed confirmed via aggregate; earlier session used 430 (minor filter artifact).
TX Area Distribution¶
Query: portfolio_aggregate(group_by="primaryTx", filter={"program":"FO"}) — 439 projects, session 85
| TX | Name | All FO | Active | Completed |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TX06 | Life Support / Biology / Human Factors | 18.5% | ~15.1% | 19.5% |
| TX08 | Sensors & Instruments | 15.0% | ~13.2% | 14.6% |
| TX01 | Propulsion | 13.9% | ~15.1% | 13.2% |
| TX09 | Entry, Descent & Landing | 9.6% | ~9.4% | 9.6% |
| TX04 | Robotics & Autonomy | 7.1% | — | 7.7% |
| TX12 | Materials & Manufacturing | 6.4% | — | 5.8% |
| TX14 | Thermal Management | 4.8% | — | 4.9% |
| TX07 | ISRU | 4.3% | — | 3.6% |
| TX05 | Comms & Navigation | 4.1% | — | 3.8% |
| TX03 | Power | 2.7% | — | 3.0% |
Key finding: TX06 (life sciences / biology / human factors) is the #1 technology area in FO at 18.5% overall and 19.5% of completed projects. This is structural, not cyclical — life sciences has dominated FO since its inception. TX03 (power) accounts for only 2.7%, and TX14 (thermal) only 4.8%.
Why TX06 dominates: Biology experiments are ideally suited to FO's platform access model. Cells, microbes, blood, and plants require only minutes of quality microgravity (parabolic or suborbital flights). Cost per biological experiment is far lower on a parabolic flight than on ISS. Life sciences PIs have known this since the beginning; FO provides their primary access to relevant environments.
Lead Organization Analysis¶
Query: portfolio_aggregate(group_by="leadOrgType", filter={"program":"FO"}) — 439 projects, session 85
| Org Type | Count | % |
|---|---|---|
| Academia | 162 | 36.9% |
| Industry | 136 | 31.0% |
| NASA Center | 76 | 17.3% |
| FFRDC/UARC | 32 | 7.3% |
| Non-Profit Institution | 20 | 4.6% |
| Other US Government | 12 | 2.7% |
More balanced than expected. Academia leads but not overwhelmingly so. Industry at 31% reflects FO's dual mission: academic science payloads AND commercial product qualification. Active portfolio has 42 distinct lead orgs from 53 projects — highly distributed, no single institution dominates.
Top orgs in active portfolio: - Ecoatoms, Inc. (NV): 3 projects — Biosensors [106609], ANIMA [158510], HERMES [184148] - Johns Hopkins APL: 3 projects — ChipSats [106716], JANUS [155239], Graphene [91432] - Purdue University: 3 projects — all TX01.1.3 cryogenic propulsion [106718, 155235, 106638]
Temporal Patterns¶
Query: portfolio_aggregate(group_by="startYear", filter={"program":"FO"}) — session 85
| Era | Projects | % | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2010–2011 | 16 | 3.6% | Program launch |
| 2012–2015 | 126 | 28.7% | Growth phase |
| 2016–2020 | 144 | 32.8% | Mature steady state |
| 2021 | 71 | 16.2% | Anomalous spike |
| 2022 | 13 | 3.0% | Immediate collapse |
| 2023–2025 | 57 | 13.0% | Recovery |
2021 spike anomaly: 71 projects started in 2021 vs 13 in 2022 — a 5.5× year-over-year collapse. The 2021 cohort spans all TX areas (TX08 21.1%, TX06 19.7%, TX01 16.9%). Likely explanation: COVID-delayed solicitations resolved simultaneously while commercial vehicle availability expanded (Blue Origin New Shepard first crewed flight July 2021, Virgin Galactic VSS Unity May/July 2021). The 2022 collapse may reflect that all 2020+2021 solicitations had already been awarded, with the 2023 recovery representing normal resumption.
The 2025 Commercial Biotech Wave (184xxx Cohort)¶
Query: find_projects(program="FO", status="Active") — 15 projects with IDs 184xxx, session 85
The 15 active projects in the 184xxx ID range represent a distinct 2025 FO solicitation wave, starting June–September 2025. This cohort is qualitatively different from historical FO: dominated by commercial startups qualifying products for the in-space economy.
Biotech/life sciences cluster (4 projects): - [184139] Impossible Sensing (LIBS water/nutrient monitor, TRL 4→6, 2025-2028) - [184142] Ultrasonic Tech Solutions (ultrasonic laundry, TRL 4→6, 2025-2028) - [184146] Ambrosia Space (cell separation centrifuge for protein/nutrient manufacturing, TRL 3→5, 2025-2027) - [184150] Helogen Corp (CELS organ-on-chip platform, TRL 3→5, 2025-2027)
These are not university biology experiments — they are commercial biotech startups using FO to space-qualify products for the ISS/commercial station market. Helogen's organ-on-chip and Ambrosia's biomanufacturing centrifuge represent FO's evolving role as a commercial space product qualification pathway.
In-space manufacturing cluster (2 projects): - [184152] SpaceWorks/Astral Materials (Si crystal manufacturing with reentry platform, TRL 3→8, 2025-2027) — aggressive TRL claim; may be plausible if the reentry capsule IS the test article - [184143] GOEPPERT LLC (MoS₂ microgravity annealing for radiation-hard electronics, TRL 3→5, 2025-2028)
Propulsion cluster (2 projects): - [184154] Juno Propulsion Inc. (RDRE for satellite propulsion, green propellants, TRL 4→7, 2025-2027) — first RDRE technology in FO — see propulsion-theme.md - [184147] Carthage College (MUTT acoustic ullage trapping, TRL 4→6, 2025-2027) — uses phased-array ultrasound to position ullage bubble in propellant tank; novel physics-based approach to propellant management
ISRU cluster (3 projects): - [184145] AeroFly LLC (Rego-LIFT regolith conveyor, TRL 4→5, 2025-2027) - [184151] Space Dust R&T (electron beam dust mitigation, EBDM, TRL 4→6, 2025-2027) - [184153] UTSA (MARS-C electrochemical ISRU at Martian T&P, TRL 4→5, 2025-2027) — patent-pending electrochemical cell producing O₂, H₂, C1/C2 hydrocarbons from Martian water/minerals
Other (3 projects): - [184144] Resilient Computing (RadPC+ RISC-V flight computer, TRL 6→8, 2025-2028) — see tx02-computing-avionics.md - [184149] Guinn Partners (IMPRESS Mars penetrator swarm, TRL 2→6, 2025-2027) — aggressive TRL claim - [184148] Ecoatoms (HERMES automated genetic extraction, TRL 4→9, 2025-2027) — most aggressive TRL claim in active FO; see suspicious TRL jumps section
TRL Distribution¶
| TRL | Count | % |
|---|---|---|
| 6 | 182 | 41.5% |
| 4 | 91 | 20.7% |
| 5 | 69 | 15.7% |
| 7 | 36 | 8.2% |
| (none) | 27 | 6.2% |
| 8 | 13 | 3.0% |
| 9 | 8 | 1.8% |
| 3 | 8 | 1.8% |
| 2 | 5 | 1.1% |
Coverage: 93.8% (6.2% missing). Modal TRL 6 — exactly consistent with FO's mandate (flight demo in relevant environment = TRL 6). High-TRL tail (TRL 7-9 = 13%) shows some projects achieving operational/mission-ready status post-flight test.
See trl-distributions.md.
Active Projects (51, 2026-04-04)¶
Active FO projects span a remarkable range from small university experiments to NASA center demonstrations. All updated 2026-01-22 to 2026-02-19.
Technology Categories in Active FO Portfolio¶
Entry, Descent, and Landing: - 106719 — LiDAR Hazard Detection for Lunar Landing (Astrobotic) — TRL 4 - 155257 — Touch-and-Go Guidance System (GSFC) — TRL 4 - 155263 — Conformal PICA Heat Shield Tech Transfer (Varda Space) — TRL 6
Propulsion and Fluid Systems: - 106718 — Green Propellant Zero-G Control (Purdue) — TRL 4 - 155235 — Cryogenic Spray Heat Transfer (Purdue) — TRL 4 - 106638 — Cryogenic Two-Phase Heat Transfer (Purdue) — TRL 6 - 158460 — Thermomagnetic Propellant Positioning (Georgia Tech) — TRL 4 - 184153 — MARS-C: Mars ISRU Electrochemistry (UTSA) — — - 184154 — Rotating Detonation Rocket Engine (Juno Propulsion) — — - 158447 — HiSPEED Electrospray Propulsion (MIT) — TRL 5
Life Sciences and Biomedical: - 155246 — Dehydrated Red Blood Cells for Spaceflight (U Louisville) — TRL 5 - 106609 — In-Space Biosensors (Ecoatoms) — TRL 4 - 106579 — Suborbital Genomics and Gene Expression (U Florida) — TRL 6 - 184150 — Cellular Experiment Laboratory System (Helogen) — — - 184146 — Cell Separation Centrifuge for Nutrients (Ambrosia Space) — — - 184139 — Real-Time Nutrient/Water Monitoring (Impossible Sensing) — — - 184142 — Ultrasonic Clothes Washer/Dryer for ISS/Moon/Mars (Ultrasonic Tech) — —
Materials and Manufacturing (microgravity): - 184152 — Silicon Crystal Manufacturing in Microgravity (SpaceWorks) — — - 184143 — MoS2 Semiconductor Annealing in Microgravity (GOEPPERT) — — - 158562 — Dry Printing Electronics in Space (Auburn) — TRL 4 - 106649 — Novel Material Property Measurement for AM (U Florida) — TRL 4 - 155259 — Reduced-Gravity Laser Welding (MSFC) — TRL 4 - 155247 — Fluids at Altitude Mixing (Redwire, pharma/crystal) — TRL 4
Sensing and Instruments: - 155253 — GRAMS Gamma-Ray/Antimatter Survey (Northeastern) — TRL 3 - 106734 — Commercial Suborbital Scientific Data (SwRI) — TRL 8 - 106716 — ChipSat Suborbital Demonstration (APL) — TRL 6 - 91432 — Graphene Ion Membrane for Particle Detection (APL) — TRL 3 - 155248 — SEADS: On-Demand Electronics Manufacturing (MSFC) — TRL 4
Autonomy and Computing: - 155243 — Jervis Autonomy Module (JAM) for cislunar nav (Rhea Space) — TRL 6 - 155249 — Neuromorphic AI Inference Accelerator (Mentium) — TRL 4
Regolith and Lunar ISRU: - 106614 — Electrostatic Regolith Interactions in Low-g (UCF) — TRL 7 - 184145 — Rego-LIFT Lunar Regolith Transporter (AeroFly) — — - 158666 — CRUMBLE: Regolith Milling for Beneficiation (Interlune) — TRL 4 - 158514 — SEER: Sintering End Effector for Regolith (Blueshift) — TRL 5 - 106645 — DIMS: Dust In-situ Manipulation (UCF) — TRL 4 - 158364 — TOBLAS: Lunar Ejecta Backscatter Tracking (Truventic) — TRL 4
Payload Integration: - 158760 — EPIIC: Easy-to-Use Payload Carrier (Aegis Aerospace) — TRL 2 - 158510 — ANIMA: Apparatus for Nominal Integration (Ecoatoms) — TRL 2 - 184141 — MCEPC: Modular Electric Power Converter (CisLunar Industries) — —
Structural: - 182833 — Deployable Pantographic Structures (Carnegie Mellon) — —
Notable Active Projects in Detail¶
106719 — LiDAR Hazard Detection (Astrobotic): TRL 4→7 target. Successfully conducted 2024-11-05 flight test of Astrobotic's Xodiac vehicle over simulated lunar terrain. The description was updated with actual flight test results — rare for TechPort to show this level of documentation.
158666 — CRUMBLE (Interlune Corp): TRL 4→6, closes 2026-05-31. Interlune is the commercial helium-3 mining startup (Rob Meyerson, ex-Blue Origin, raised ~$20M) using FO to validate regolith milling. Two confirmed parabolic flight tests encoding in description text: - October 28, 2024: milling performance in lunar-G vacuum, characterized trade-offs in size/weight/power - May 15, 2025: three identical mechanical processing devices in lunar gravity parabolas, particle size/shape analysis with laser diffraction and SEM Both tests described as "first of a kind" for lunar environment milling. No library items — flight results are description-layer only. Co-investigators: Harrison Schmitt (Apollo 17 geologist, only scientist to walk on the Moon), Margarita Marinova (ex-SpaceX/Tesla engineer), Gary Lai (PI), Drew Hoffman, Kathryn Waychoff. Schmitt's presence connects the original lunar field geology tradition to commercial helium-3 extraction ambitions. 3,609 views (high for FO active).
91432 — Graphene Ion Membrane (APL): TRL 3, last updated 2026-01-22. Started 2017 — 9 years at TRL 3. One of the longest-running active FO projects with no apparent TRL advancement. Either ongoing science work, or a project that has persisted beyond its productive life.
155249 — Neuromorphic AI Accelerator (Mentium): TRL 4, radiation-hardened AI inference coprocessor (<0.4W). Closes 2026-04-30. Commercial edge-computing product being space-qualified through FO — representative of FO's role in tech transfer from commercial to space.
155248 — SEADS (MSFC): TRL 4→6 target. Closes 2026-04-30. EHD inkjet printing of semiconductors on ISS, partners: Intel/NAU/Fujifilm/TEL/Axiom Space. Flight history: Nov 2023 + Feb 2024 = failed; Mar 5, 2024 = first success (insulator+semiconductor on conductor). No library documents. Will likely close at TRL 4-5 (missing TRL 6 target). No library items — outcomes invisible.
106610 — Xogdor Landing Testbed (Astrobotic, formerly Masten): TRL 2 since 2020 — 6 years with no advancement. Description still says "Masten's Xogdor" but lead org is now Astrobotic (which acquired Masten Space Systems assets after Masten's 2022 bankruptcy). States listed: CA+PA (Masten was in Mojave CA, Astrobotic in Pittsburgh PA). This is a legacy contract that survived a corporate bankruptcy and acquisition — TechPort data provenance issue.
184154 — RDRE Satellite Propulsion (Juno Propulsion Inc.): TRL 4→7 claim, 2025-2027. RDRE at smallsat scale with green propellants — the first RDRE application in FO. Claims 5-10% higher Isp vs hypergolic and 50% payload increase. PI: Alexis Harroun. Federal Way, WA. Very aggressive TRL claim for a 2-year FO project on an unproven propulsion concept at this scale. See propulsion-theme.md for RDRE lineage (STRG→GCD→TDM for large engines).
Outcome Tracking (FO-Specific Gap)¶
Session 32, 2026-04-06
Findings (full completed portfolio, n=364):
| Outcome path | Count | % |
|---|---|---|
| Infused_To | 0 | 0% |
| Transitioned_To | 0 | 0% |
| Closed_Out | 18 | 4.9% |
| No outcome path | 346 | 95.1% |
FO has the worst outcome tracking of any program investigated. Despite being a technology maturation program (not basic research), 95% of completed projects have zero outcome documentation in TechPort.
TRL distribution of completed projects (n=364):
| TRL at close | Count | % | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6 | 175 | 48.1% | FO primary target — mission accomplished |
| 5 | 61 | 16.8% | Below target |
| 4 | 60 | 16.5% | Below target |
| 7 | 34 | 9.3% | Exceeded target |
| 8 | 12 | 3.3% | Strong success |
| 9 | 8 | 2.2% | Operational-level success |
| (none) | 9 | 2.5% | Missing TRL |
| 3 | 4 | 1.1% | Below target |
Summary: 48.1% hit TRL 6 (the stated FO target). 33.3% (TRL 4-5) fell short. 14.8% exceeded the target (TRL 7-9 = 54 projects). 20 completed projects reached TRL 8-9 — operational/near-operational status.
Critical finding: FO success stories are description-text visible, outcome-field invisible.
The Navigation Doppler LiDAR (91351, LaRC, TRL 5→6, 2013–2019) is a clear example: its TechPort description contains "NDL is selected for a flight demonstration on the moon through Commercial Lunar Payload Services" — but the technologyOutcomes field only shows Closed_Out [Apr 2018]. The downstream story (CLPS deployment) is entirely invisible to any outcome-path query.
Session 85 confirmatory case: Interlune CRUMBLE [158666] — two confirmed parabolic flight tests (Oct 2024 + May 2025), detailed results in description text, zero library items, no outcome records. Still Active through May 2026. The pattern is consistent: FO's actual flight results exist but are invisible to structured queries.
High-TRL FO Success Cases (TRL 8-9, Completed)¶
These 20 projects completed at TRL 8 or 9 — well above the typical FO flight-test target of TRL 6. None have outcome fields documenting what happened next.
TRL 9 (8 projects):
| Project | Lead | TRL | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 91394 — Made in Space 3D Printing | Made in Space | 4→9 | Parabolic + suborbital FDM printing; precursor to ISS Additive Manufacturing Facility (per description); "will fly 3D printers on parabolic and sub-orbital research flights" |
| 91358 — WetLab-2 | ARC | 5→9 | ISS payload for on-orbit RNA/DNA processing; no sample return required; "develop instrumentation for use on ISS" |
| 89368 — Balloon Altitude Control | World View | 6→9 | Stratospheric trajectory control for station-keeping |
| 91391 — Vibration Isolation Platform | Controlled Dynamics | 6→9 | Active 6-DOF isolation for microgravity research payloads |
| 94197 — MicroAMPP (Tipping Point) | Tyvak | 4→9 | Common avionics for microsatellites and launch vehicles |
| 106591 — MicroAMPP | Tyvak | 4→9 | Second Tyvak MicroAMPP project |
| 91425 — SFEM | ARC | 4→9 | Suborbital Flight Environment Monitor for FO infrastructure |
| 71984 — Zero Gravity Mass Measurement | Sierra Nevada | 4→9 | ISS mass measurement capability |
TRL 8 notable (selected from 12):
- 91382 — Exo-brake aerobrake (ARC, 3→8): Passive re-entry device for ISS sample return; cited as enabling future CubeSat sample return
- 91351 — Navigation Doppler LiDAR (LaRC, 5→6 then →CLPS): Description-layer infusion story: selected for CLPS lunar demonstration; also cited for Mars 2020
Note: the NDL project above shows TRL 6 at close (not 8), but is included here because its infusion path (CLPS) is the exemplar of description-layer-only tracking.
Pattern: FO's highest-value outcomes — ISS payloads, CLPS selections, commercial avionics products — are all Closed_Out with the real story in prose text. TechPort outcome fields understate FO impact systematically.
Suspicious TRL Jump Claims in Active FO Portfolio¶
Several active FO projects claim aggressive TRL target jumps. These warrant scrutiny:
| Project | Lead | TRL claim | Concern |
|---|---|---|---|
| 184148 — HERMES | Ecoatoms (NV) | 4→9 | Automated genetic extraction device; TRL 9 = "operational use" — implausible for 2-year FO project starting Jun 2025 |
| 158510 — ANIMA payload adapter | Ecoatoms (NV) | 2→8 | Universal payload carrier; TRL 8 = "qualified system" — aggressive for small company |
| 184152 — Si Crystal Manufacturing | SpaceWorks/Astral | 3→8 | Reentry-capable crystal platform; 2-year timeline; TRL 8 plausible if the reentry itself IS the test |
| 155263 — C-PICA (Varda) | Varda Space | 6→9 | Tipping Point: commercial TPS production; Varda has flown reentry vehicles; TRL 9 plausible |
Ecoatoms (NV) has three active FO projects: HERMES (TRL 4→9), ANIMA (TRL 2→8), and In-Space Biosensors (106609, TRL 4→6). The TRL jump claims for HERMES and ANIMA appear aspirational; these are the kind of TRL-inflation patterns seen in SBIR high-TRL cohort analysis.
Contact Pattern¶
FO projects tend to have 1-5 contacts, often including both PI and multiple co-investigators. Industry-led projects (Astrobotic, MIT, Purdue) typically have fewer contacts (1-2) than multi-institution government projects (SwRI, APL: 3-5 contacts).
Data Quality¶
| Field | Quality | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| TRL | ★★★★ (93.8%) | Good; modal TRL 6 is appropriate |
| Description | ★★★★ | Rich descriptions; 106719 even includes flight test results; NDL (91351) encodes CLPS infusion story in description text |
| Contacts | ★★★ | 1-5 contacts per project |
| Library items | ★★★ | ~15% doc availability per Phase 1 scan; SEADS (155248) has zero library items despite approaching closeout |
| Outcome tracking | ★ | WORST of all programs investigated: 0% Infused_To, 0% Transitioned_To, 4.9% Closed_Out. Infusion stories encoded in description text only. |
| TX assignment | ★★★★ | Not checked; likely good based on description quality |
Outcome tracking updated session 32, 2026-04-06. Full query: 364 Completed FO projects; 18 Closed_Out; 0 Infused_To; 0 Transitioned_To.
Patterns and Clusters in Active Portfolio¶
Purdue cryogenics cluster (3 projects, TX01.1.3): - 106638 — Cryogenic Two-Phase Heat Transfer (TRL 4→6, 2021-2026) - 155235 — Cryogenic Spray Heat Transfer (TRL 4→5, 2023-2026) - 106718 — Green Propellant Zero-G Control (TRL 4→5, 2022-2026) Purdue is the academic home of zero-G cryogenic fluid dynamics for NASA. All three projects provide fundamental data (flow boiling, heat transfer coefficients, propellant sloshing) needed for in-space propellant depots. No GCD-level follow-on visible in TechPort for these physics measurements.
APL stagnation cluster (3 projects, mixed TX): - 106716 — ChipSats (TRL 6→7, 2019-2026) — reasonable advancement - 155239 — JANUS atmospheric observation (TRL 6→6, 2023-2026) — no advancement - 91432 — Graphene Ion Membrane (TRL 3→7, 2017-2026) — TRL 3 for 9 years APL has persistent FO presence but the graphene project is a long-running anomaly. Either a low-priority science project kept alive, or genuinely difficult physics.
Commercial product qualification wave (2025 cohort): Helogen (organ-on-chip), Ambrosia Space (biomanufacturing), Impossible Sensing (LIBS), Varda (C-PICA TPS) — commercial startups using FO to qualify products for the in-space economy. This represents FO's evolving role from "academic experiments on suborbital vehicles" to "commercial product certification pathway."
Regolith cluster (6 active projects): - 106614 UCF — Electrostatic Regolith (TRL 7, 2019-2026) - 106645 UCF — DIMS dust manipulation (TRL 4, 2019-2026) - 158364 Truventic — TOBLAS ejecta tracking (TRL 4, 2024-2026) - 158666 Interlune — CRUMBLE milling (TRL 4, 2024-2026) - 158514 Blueshift — SEER sintering end effector (TRL 5, 2024-2027) - 184145 AeroFly — Rego-LIFT conveyor (TRL 4→5, 2025-2027) - 184151 Space Dust R&T — EBDM electron beam dust mitigation (TRL 4→6, 2025-2027) FO has the densest lunar regolith technology cluster across any single program. Coherent investment thesis: lunar operations require managing regolith at every step (sensing, avoiding, processing, building with it).
Themes for Phase 2 Investigation¶
- The description-layer problem. FO descriptions contain actual flight results (Interlune CRUMBLE: 2 flights, Astrobotic LiDAR: Nov 2024 test, NDL: CLPS selection). Systematically reading flight test outcomes from description text — rather than outcome fields — could build a real FO technology maturation database. This is a Phase 2 document/description mining opportunity.
- Propulsion: cryogenic and green propellants. Purdue's 3-project cryogenic cluster provides fundamental data for propellant depots. No GCD follow-on visible — is this a gap or do other programs pick up?
- Life sciences commercialization. The 2025 cohort shift from university biology to commercial biotech (organ-on-chip, biomanufacturing) suggests FO is becoming a commercial space station product qualification pathway. Track whether these companies get ISS or Axiom payload slots.
- RDRE at smallsat scale. Juno Propulsion's [184154] is the first FO project applying RDRE to satellite propulsion. If successful, this is a genuinely new propulsion class for maneuvering satellites. TRL claim (4→7) is aggressive.
- Commercial He-3 mining maturation. Interlune [158666] (Harrison Schmitt co-I) is using FO for the enabling technology of lunar helium-3 extraction. CRUMBLE closes May 2026 — check for Phase 2 FO projects or SBIR proposals from Interlune.
Investigated Completed Projects (n=5, session 2026-04-07)¶
Five completed FO projects investigated in depth. Full profiles at topics/fo-completed-project-profiles.md.
| Project | Lead | TRL | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|
| 106684 — VCR space fridge | Air Squared, Inc. | 4→6 | TRL 6 confirmed (parabolic flight May 2021); ISS deployment pending; MOXIE infusion via parallel SBIR |
| 91323 — Indexing Media Filtration | Aerfil, LLC | 4→6 | TRL 6 met; company status unknown; GRC continuation in NTRS paper; 4 unread library items |
| 106607 — Fiber Positioner | Rocky Mountain Servo | 4→6 | TRL 6 claimed; one-day project dates suspicious; company active but no NASA infusion confirmed |
| 12273 — GPS Beacon | AFRL Kirtland | 4→5 | DoD infrastructure / FO program support; no commercial pathway |
| 91326 — Bi-Static RF Imager | AFRL Kirtland | 4→5 | Defense sensor capability; likely classified follow-on; 1 unread library item |
Pattern: Two commercial projects (Air Squared, Rocky Mountain Servo) traceable via company websites. One government/academic hybrid (Aerfil) partially traceable via NTRS. Two pure-DoD projects (AFRL) with no visible downstream. TechPort description quality inversely correlated with actual downstream impact — Air Squared has zero TechPort documentation but the richest real-world story.
Related Pages¶
- overview.md — portfolio context
- topics/trl-distributions.md — TRL analysis
- topics/outcome-tracking.md — FO adds the extreme case: 0% formal tracking, 8 TRL-9 successes unrecorded
- topics/fo-completed-project-profiles.md — detailed profiles of 5 investigated completed projects
- topics/propulsion-theme.md — RDRE lineage; Juno Propulsion FO track is new smallsat branch
- topics/tx02-computing-avionics.md — RadPC+ FO project [184144]
- topics/cfm-cluster.md — Creare [145006] FO cryogenics project context
- topics/tx07-isru-exploration-destinations.md — FO regolith cluster (7 active projects)
- organizations/air-squared.md — Air Squared multi-project profile
- programs/gcd.md — higher-TRL development counterpart
- programs/sbir-sttr.md — industry-led complement (Closed_Out masking parallel)